Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology

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Representational Image (IANS) Some therapies that are successful in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may help improve treatment for people with debilitating mosquito-borne viral diseases, new research has found. Infection caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Ross River virus (RRV) are transmitted by mosquitoes and cause severe arthritis, muscle pain and fever. "The disease caused by these viral infections bears several similarities with a form of auto-immune arthritis known as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)," said lead author Ali Zaid from Menzies Health Institute Queensland at Griffith University in Australia. "In severe RA, patients express high levels of an immune molecule called Interleukin-17 (IL-17), which is a target of new anti-arthritis drugs," Zaid added. In two new studies, published in the journals PLoS Pathogens and mBio , the researchers found IL-17 was also elevated during RRV and CHIKV infections. The team analysed serum samples from CHIKV-infected p...

Sarcoidosis and Sjögren's syndrome are systemic immune-mediated diseases of unresolved pathogenesis, with dry cough being a symptom of both diseases. However, they are not considered in the first differential diagnosis of prolonged non-productive cough. Here we report the case of a 33-year-old woman presenting with an intermittent, non-productive cough, diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome coexisting with sarcoidosis. A 33-year-old Japanese woman without significant medical history presented to our hospital with a six-week period of intermittent, non-productive cough. Fourteen days before her admission to the hospital, she complained to her general practitioners about a persistent cough and chest pain while coughing. She was prescribed cough medicine and an analgesic, but her symptoms did not improve. Two days before visiting our hospital, the patient presented to the general practitioners again. They took a chest radiograph in anteroposterior view, which showed bilateral hi...

A latest research report by IMARC group the titled is that " Pneumococcal Vaccine Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2021-2026 ", offers a comprehensive analysis of the industry, which comprises insights on pneumococcal vaccine market. The report also includes competitor and regional analysis, and contemporary advancements in the global market. The global pneumococcal vaccine market grew at a CAGR of around 5% during 2015 to 2020. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the global pneumococcal vaccine market to exhibit moderate growth during the next five years. Pneumococcal infections are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or pneumococcus bacteria, which can cause severe lung infection (pneumonia), blood infection (bacteremia), and infection in the lining of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis). Children in the age group of 2-5 years and geriatric individuals are the most at-risk population for pneumococcal infections. The pneumoco...

Abstract Various non-intraocular pressure factors have been identified as possible risk factors for open-angle glaucoma (OAG). However, there is still controversy around the association between OAG and chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we used a nationwide cohort to investigate the risk of OAG in the 12 years following a diagnosis of CKD. This retrospective cohort study included 1,103,302 subjects from the Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort database. The CKD group (n = 1318) included patients who were initially diagnosed with CKD between 2003 and 2008. The subjects in the comparison group were matched at a 1:5 ratio using propensity scores. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, a diagnosis of CKD was significantly associated with an increased incidence of OAG (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.546, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.363–1.754, p  < 0.001). Further analysis revealed that the risk of OAG increased with the severity of CKD (mild ...

If you have inflamed joints, you'll know about the chronic pain that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes. For those living with the condition, RA means that the immune system attacks healthy tissues, often in the joints, leaving severe inflammation and pain in its wake. Thankfully, you've got options. While RA hits differently based on its severity and when it began, there's a boatload of treatments to help ease your symptoms and allow you to live life on your terms. Plus, various therapeutics are currently in the research stage. Even if you're having trouble finding something suitable right now, there continue to be new meds on the horizon. Let's take a look at some standard RA treatments and the options making their way to center stage. The ultimate goal of medication is to reduce inflammation or limit the progression of RA. The best one for you depends on your symptoms, the severity of your RA, and how long you've been living with the condition. Annoyingly, RA c...