Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology

What Is Asthmanefrin? Asthmanefrin ( racepinephrine ) is an inhaled bronchodilator (a type of medication used to make breathing easier) used to relieve symptoms of intermittent asthma in adults and children 4 and older. Asthmanefrin is classified as a non-selective beta agonist (a group of drugs that lower artery and vein pressure) and is further categorized as a short-acting bronchodilator that can temporarily relieve mild symptoms of intermittent asthma. Asthmanefrin works by stimulating the beta receptors found in the respiratory tract's smooth muscles, resulting in the opening of airways which can subsequently lessen wheezing, shortness of breath, and Angina (chest tightness) as a result of an asthma diagnosis. Asthmanefrin, a brand-name drug, contains the active ingredient racepinephrine. However, racepinephrine is not available as a generic product. Instead, Asthmanefrin is available without a prescription as an over-the-counter (OTC) s

Visit an elementary school playground during recess and you're likely to encounter a few out-of-breath children playing with friends. But if their breathlessness is coupled with other symptoms, such as chest tightness or wheezing, it could be a sign of a more serious problem. "I see this all the time with kids – they say 'I wheeze all the time,'" says Dr. Colleen McGovern, an assistant professor in the School of Nursing. "But that's not what we want. Our goal is for kids to be symptom free." McGovern, who spent years working as a school nurse and has asthma herself, says some of these children could be unknowingly suffering from exercise-induced asthma, which is better known in scientific circles as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, or EIB.  Experts estimate that anywhere from 3 to 35% of children have EIB. One of McGovern's main goals is to develop interventions that can help children with asthma and EIB unde

High Uric Acid: 5 Ayurvedic Home Remedies To Manage Joint Pain And Inflammation In Winter High uric acid is a condition that is marked by the excess presence of uric acid in the urine or the kidney. Scroll down to know how you can keep this condition under control easily at home. Suffering from high uric acid? We have the perfect remedy for you that can not only help you keep the symptoms of the condition under control, but also prevent it from coming back again. High uric acid is a condition that is marked by the excess presence of uric acid in the urine or the kidney. The two worst symptoms associated with high uric acid are joint pain and swelling (inflammation). In winter, it becomes even worse for the patients to manage the condition and symptoms related to it. Today, in this article we will look at some Ayurvedic home remedies that can help in keeping the condition under control, especially dur

Patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were erosion-free during an 8-year study period had a less severe disease course as to disease activity. These patients were also more often seronegative when compared with those with erosive disease, according to a study published in BMC Rheumatology . 1 "In most patients, bone erosions resulting in joint destruction appear during the course of disease," investigators stated. "Early therapy has been shown to be effective in achieving control of disease activity and retarding radiographic damage. A proportion of patients never develops erosions and identifying these patients at an early stage may be of relevance for the choice of treatment." A total of 608 patients from an early RA cohort, Better Anti-Rheumatic FarmacOTherapy (BARFOT), that had baseline radiographs of hands and feet, as well as at 1, 2, 5, and 8 years, were included in the long-term study. The study, which analyzed the prevalence, relevance, and pote

Introduction Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of hospitalization among children. The incidence of CAP in children below 5 years old is 65.8 per 1000 person-years in China. 1 CAP is a heterogeneous disease that ranges from a mild, self-limited illness to a severe infection that causes respiratory failure, septic shock and even death. 2 According to the data from several population-based studies in different regions, the incidence rate of severe CAP in hospitalized children ranges from 3.9% to 23.0%. 3,4 Biomarkers for systemic inflammatory response will provide an objective basis for evaluating the severity of pneumonia. Several studies have investigated the predictive value of conventional inflammation biomarkers, including leukocyte counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin in children with severe CAP. However, the associations between the severity and the levels of known biomarkers remain inconclusive. 5,6 Currently, no biomarker has been identi

What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or "lupus")? What are the general medical terms used to describe joint involvement in lupus? How common is joint involvement in lupus? What are the possible causes of joint involvement in lupus? What are the symptoms of joint involvement in lupus? What tools are used to assess the severity of joint involvement in lupus? Should I be worried about long-term joint damage (deformities)? What are the diagnostic steps to take in patients with joint involvement and suspected lupus? How is joint pain or swelling treated in lupus patients? What are the non-pharmacological strategies for joint involvement in lupus? 1. What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or "lupus")? Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), often referred to as simply "lupus", is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease that affects many organ systems – most commonly the skin, joints, and kidn

A study aimed to quantify the burden of current childhood asthma in the United States in association with smoke from indoor gas stoves. In light of recent growing public concerns over the safety of indoor gas stoves used for cooking that seems to have become a media frenzy, this study found that only 12% of current childhood asthma is attributed to smoke from gas stoves, which is about the same percentage for childhood asthma attributed to second-hand smoke. Gas stoves, the subject of research regarding a role in climate and health effects, was the topic of an interview earlier this month with a federal official who suggested they may need to be regulated In turn, gas stoves quickly became a "fodder for partisan influencers and campaign merchandise," noted NPR. In the current population-based study, published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, researchers said they quantified gas stove use and current childhood asthma at a national and