Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology

The symptoms and complications of lobar pneumonia, a condition that affects one or more of the lobes of the lungs, can be broken down by stages into early findings and late findings. This article discusses the progression or stages of pneumonia from early to late in people who receive treatment as well as in those who do not. Petri Oeschger / Getty Images Early Stage of Pneumonia The symptoms of the first stage of pneumonia, or what you might expect in the first 24 hours, are very important to understand. When pneumonia is detected at this stage, and promptly treated, the severity of the disease and potential complications may be reduced. Most commonly, lobar pneumonia begins suddenly with fairly dramatic symptoms. (Unlike bacterial pneumonia, however, viral pneumonia may have a gradual onset with milder symptoms.) With pneumonia (in contrast to a condition such as bronchitis that primarily affects the larger bronchi), the tiniest ai...

Minor lower back pain is fairly common among adults. But severe, constant pain in the back can happen, especially as you get older. Facet arthrosis is a condition that may affect older adults and people who have suffered injury or trauma to their back. ‌ Facet arthrosis can be a painful condition and affect your quality of life. But there are ways to help manage and treat it. What Is Facet Arthrosis? The facets are joints in the back (posterior) portion of your spine. They help to balance your spine and make sure it's properly aligned. Facets run alongside the vertebrae of your spine and help you with certain motions, like twisting and turning. They're essential for the proper function of your back. ‌ Normally, there's cartilage and capsules containing fluid attached to the facets that provide padding and lubrication against other spinal joints. When this cartilage wears down over time or becomes damaged, the facet joints may rub against other spinal bones or joints. This c...

Asthma is a chronic medical condition that affects the airways in the lungs, causing them to suddenly tighten and get inflamed.   The immediate symptoms of asthma include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and the overproduction of mucus. Asthma triggers, such as cold air, can set off asthma symptoms. Asthma attacks involve worsening symptoms.   There are many possible short-term and long-term complications of asthma, especially if it's left untreated. Learn about medical and lifestyle complications of asthma, their causes, what to do about them, and how to reduce the risk of experiencing them. Types of Asthma There are several types of asthma, and you could have more than one kind. Some of the most common types are: Adult-onset asthma, which is diagnosed in adults over age 20 Pediatric asthma, which is diagnosed during childhood Allergic asthma, which is triggered by common allergens like pollen, mold,...

Background Determining the etiology of encephalitis always remains a challenge to clinicians, and also, variables that predict outcome in acute phase settings are not known precisely. The autoimmune causes of acute encephalitis are increasing due to the availability of newer diagnostic markers, whereas earlier studies were primarily focused on infectious causes. We conducted a prospective study to determine the demographic profile, etiological aspect, and in-hospital outcome of patients admitted with acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in our tertiary care center. Materials and method This observational prospective study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital between November 2016 and October 2018. With a sample size of 72, appropriate statistical analysis was done. Results The incidence of AES usually escalates during the rainy season, with arboviral etiologies being predominant. The majority of the patients with AES with a likely infectious etiology c...

The lower airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have unique biochemical features that correlate with the complex communities of lung bacteria typical of this disease, according to a multicenter study led by researchers from Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. These findings offer insights into the underlying biological mechanisms driving infection and inflammation in the CF lungs, and may help develop novel targeted therapies and more precise diagnostics to improve the care of children with CF. Results were published in the journal Frontiers of Cellular and Infection Microbiology . Chronic airway infection and inflammation resulting in progressive, obstructive lung disease is the leading cause of illness and death in people with CF. To better understand the biological mechanisms of infection and inflammation, in a study conducted Lurie Children's in collaboration with researchers at Children's Hospital Colorado and the University of Minne...

Asthma is a chronic medical condition that affects the airways in the lungs, causing them to suddenly tighten and get inflamed.   The immediate symptoms of asthma include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and the overproduction of mucus. Asthma triggers, such as cold air, can set off asthma symptoms. Asthma attacks involve worsening symptoms.   There are many possible short-term and long-term complications of asthma, especially if it's left untreated. Learn about medical and lifestyle complications of asthma, their causes, what to do about them, and how to reduce the risk of experiencing them. Types of Asthma There are several types of asthma, and you could have more than one kind. Some of the most common types are: Adult-onset asthma, which is diagnosed in adults over age 20 Pediatric asthma, which is diagnosed during childhood Allergic asthma, which is triggered by common allergens like pollen, mold,...