Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology

People with diabetes are at increased risk of developing joint diseases, or arthropathies, and these conditions can potentially lead to permanent destructive changes in the joints, causing pain and limiting proper mobility needed to perform functional movements and everyday activities.  Prot Tachapanit / Getty Images What Is Diabetic Arthropathy? In patients with diabetes, decreased sensation in the joints as a result of diabetic peripheral neuropathy can cause chronic and progressive arthropathy. It occurs as a result of increased laxity of ligaments, increased range of motion of joints, instability, and repetitive microtraumas with poor healing that can damage joints over time. Increased blood sugar that occurs with diabetes also causes structural and molecular changes to the cartilage within joints.   Related Conditions Charcot Foot A Charcot foot can develop as a serious complication of diabetes, where progressive des...

Adventitious breath sounds are abnormal sounds resulting from unusual airflow through the lungs. Individuals may notice these noises themselves, or a doctor may discover them when listening to someone's chest with a stethoscope. Anything that changes the normal airflow through the lungs can cause a range of clicks, crackles, wheezes, and snoring noises that doctors classify as adventitious breath sounds. People may experience adventitious breath sounds, also known as adventitious lung sounds, if they have: Other nonclinical issues can cause unusual breath sounds, such as foreign bodies. Although adventitious breath sounds may worry someone because they are unusual, they do not necessarily indicate a severe health condition. In this article, we examine adventitious breath sounds and the different types. We also look at the range of health conditions that can cause these sounds, and when an individual should seek medical attention. Adventitious sounds are the medical term for respira...

Heartburn, or acid reflux, is a common problem. More than 60 million Americans experience heartburn at least once a month, and more than 15 million people feel it daily. If you have regular heartburn that doesn't go away, or continues in spite of treatment with acid reflux remedies, you could have a condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease—(GERD). The roughly one in five adults in America who have GERD may brush the condition off as simple indigestion, but it can develop into more serious issues. It may also be the cause of other problems you are having, like headaches. Find out how GERD is linked to headaches, and what you can do to treat them. Recent studies are increasingly linking GERD and headaches, but some questions remain on why exactly this happens. Headaches or migraines are associated with a number of gastrointestinal conditions. These include: Studies suggest that between 30 and 50 percent of people with chronic headaches or migraines also have GERD. Researcher...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition that makes breathing difficult. Allergies and exposure to environmental pollutants can make COPD symptoms worse. People with COPD need to be aware of any potential irritants and triggers that may worsen their symptoms. Some individuals with COPD may also have allergies or asthma. Dealing with the overlapping symptoms of allergies or asthma may make managing COPD more difficult. This article will look at how allergies and allergy medications can affect COPD, some tips for dealing with allergies, and when to seek help. COPD affects the airways, causing inflammation and excess mucus production from irritation. This leads to the airways becoming thinner or potentially blocked with mucus, which can cause breathing difficulties and other symptoms. Environmental allergies also affect the airways and may cause similar breathing difficulties. Having exposure to environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and pet dan...

LOS GATOS, Calif. , July 19, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Aridis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: ARDS) today announced that it has entered into an exclusive, worldwide licensing agreement with AstraZeneca (LSE/STO/Nasdaq: AZN) to in-license the late stage monoclonal antibody candidate, suvratoxumab.   The highlights of the agreement are: Phase 3-ready candidate. Suvratoxumab monoclonal antibody (mAb) for prevention of pneumonia has been licensed from AstraZeneca. Suvratoxumab extends Aridis' pneumonia franchise by complementing the existing AR-301 Phase 3 pneumonia treatment program. Lancet ID publication.  Phase 2 data involving n=196 patients recently published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal showed safety and a statistically significant (47%) relative reduction of pneumonia in S. aureus colonized, mechanically ventilated patients less than 65 years old, with corresponding reduction in the number of days needed in the ICU and hospital. i ...

Toe and foot pain are no joke — they can be very uncomfortable and affect your everyday activities. Gout and turf toe are two conditions that can cause pain and swelling of your big toe and its joints, reducing mobility. Although some of the symptoms may initially show up in the same ways, the underlying causes and treatments are different. Knowing more about these conditions can help you know the difference between them and lead you to get the best treatment for your pain. Gout is a general term that describes many different conditions. These conditions are caused by a buildup of uric acid. If your body is not excreting the uric acid, urate crystals form in your body's tissues, typically around joints. This buildup of crystals causes a type of painful arthritis. Certain conditions like blood and metabolism disorders or dehydration can cause your body to make too much uric acid. Additionally, kidney or thyroid conditions can make it harder for your body to remove excess uric acid. ...

[unable to retrieve full-text content] Pneumonia in seniors: Prevention and treatments | Health & Wellness | laconiadailysun.com    The Laconia Daily Sun

Bronchiectasis, bronchitis, and pediatric bronchiolitis are all disorders of the airways of the lung. However, they are different conditions.  Bronchiectasis is a permanent condition in which the airways in the lungs have become widened and scarred.  The United States has a high prevalence of bronchiectasis compared with countries worldwide. Bronchitis includes two types of disorders—acute and chronic bronchitis. Both affect the bronchi and bronchioles (the large and small airways of the lungs). Acute bronchitis is caused by a viral infection, comes on suddenly, and resolves after approximately 10 days. Chronic bronchitis is a severe and progressive lung disease that predominantly affects adults over the age of 40. Pediatric bronchiolitis is inflammation of the bronchioles. It usually affects children under the age of 2. It causes coughing and shortness of breath. PeopleI...